 |
| Painting of Islamic Civilization |
Jabir Ibn Haiyan (Geber)
|
Chemistry (Father of
Chemistry)
|
Died 803 C.E.
|
Al-Asmai
|
Zoology, Botany, Animal
Husbandry.
|
740 – 828
|
Al-Khwarizmi (Algorizm)
|
Mathematics, Astronomy,
Geography. (Algorithm, Algebra, calculus)
|
770 – 840
|
'Amr ibn Bahr Al-Jahiz
|
Zoology, Arabic Grammar,
Rhetoric, Lexicography
|
776 - 868
|
Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
|
Philosophy, Physics,
Optics, Medicine, Mathematics, Metallurgy.
|
800 - 873
|
Thabit Ibn Qurrah (Thebit)
|
Astronomy, Mechanics,
Geometry, Anatomy.
|
836 - 901
|
'Abbas Ibn Firnas
|
Mechanics of Flight,
Planetarium, Artificial Crystals.
|
Died 888
|
Ali Ibn Rabban Al-Tabari
|
Medicine, Mathematics,
Caligraphy, Literature.
|
838 - 870
|
Al-Battani (Albategnius)
|
Astronomy, mathematics,
Trigonometry.
|
858 - 929
|
Al-Farghani (Al-Fraganus)
|
Astronomy, Civil
Engineering.
|
C. 860
|
Al-Razi (Rhazes)
|
Medicine, Ophthalmology,
Smallpox, Chemistry, Astronomy.
|
864 - 930
|
Al-Farabi (Al-Pharabius)
|
Sociology, Logic,
Philosophy, Political Science, Music.
|
870 - 950
|
Abul Hasan Ali Al-Masu'di
|
Geography, History.
|
Died 957
|
Al-Sufi (Azophi)
|
Astronomy
|
903 - 986
|
Abu Al-Qasim Al-Zahravi (Albucasis)
|
Surgery, Medicine. (Father
of Modern Surgery)
|
936 - 1013
|
Muhammad Al-Buzjani
|
Mathematics, Astronomy,
Geometry, Trigonometry.
|
940 - 997
|
Ibn Al-Haitham (Alhazen)
|
Physics, Optics,
Mathematics.
|
965 - 1040
|
Al-Mawardi (Alboacen)
|
Political Science,
Sociology, Jurisprudence, Ethics.
|
972 - 1058
|
Abu Raihan Al-Biruni
|
Astronomy, Mathematics.
(Determined Earth's Circumference)
|
973-1048
|
Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
|
Medicine, Philosophy,
Mathematics, Astronomy.
|
981 - 1037
|
Al-Zarqali (Arzachel)
|
Astronomy (Invented
Astrolabe).
|
1028 - 1087
|
Omar Al-Khayyam
|
Mathematics, Poetry.
|
1044 - 1123
|
Al-Ghazali (Algazel)
|
Sociology, Theology,
Philosophy.
|
1058 - 1111
|
Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn
Yahya (Ibn Bajjah)
|
Philosophy, Medicine,
Mathematics, Astronomy, Poetry, Music.
|
1106 - 1138
|
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar)
|
Surgery, Medicine.
|
1091 - 1161
|
Al-Idrisi (Dreses)
|
Geography (World Map,
First Globe).
|
1099 - 1166
|
Ibn Tufayl, Abdubacer
|
Philosophy, Medicine,
Poetry.
|
1110 - 1185
|
Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
|
Philosophy, Law, Medicine,
Astronomy, Theology.
|
1128 - 1198
|
Al-Bitruji (Alpetragius)
|
Astronomy
|
Died 1204
|
Ibn Al-Baitar
|
Pharmacy, Botany
|
Died 1248
|
Nasir Al-Din Al-Tusi
|
Astronomy, Non-Euclidean
Geometry.
|
1201 - 1274
|
Jalal Al-Din Rumi
|
Sociology
|
1207 - 1273
|
Ibn Al-Nafis
Damishqui
|
Anatomy
|
1213 - 1288
|
Al-Fida (Abdulfeda)
|
Astronomy, Geography,
Histrory.
|
1273 - 1331
|
Muhammad Ibn Abdullah (Ibn
Battuta)
|
World Traveler. 75,000
mile voyage from Morocco to China and back.
|
1304 - 1369
|
Ibn Khaldun
|
Sociology, Philosophy of
History, Political Science.
|
1332 – 1395
|
Ulugh Beg
|
Astronomy
|
1393 – 1449
|
Two
hundred years before a comparable development elsewhere, Turkish scientist
Hazarfen Ahmet Celebi took off from Galata tower and flew over the Bosphorus.
Logari Hasan Celebi, another member of the Celebi family, sent the first
manned rocket, using 150 okka (about 300 pounds) of gunpowder as the firing
fuel.
|
||
Tipu,
Sultan of Mysore [1783-1799] in the south of India, was the innovator of the
world's first war rocket. Two of his rockets, captured by the British at
Srirangapatana, are displayed in the Woolwich Museum Artillery in London. The
rocket motor casing was made of steel with multiple nozzles. The rocket, 50mm
in diameter and 250mm long, had a range performance of 900 meters to 1.5 km.
|
||
The dates
in the table are converted from the Islamic calendar (A.H.) which begins with
Hejira, the migration of Prophet Muhammad (s) from Makkah to Medinah. The
calendar is based on lunar monthly cycles. 1 A.H. = 622 C.E.
